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Understanding the Immune System
Adapted by Thyroid Guide, Mary J. Shomon

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Privileged Immunity

A child developing in the womb carries foreign antigens from its father as well as immunologically compatible self antigens from its mother, and might be expected to trigger a graft rejection. But the uterus is an "immunologically privileged" site where immune responses are subdued. One source of protection appears to be a substance produced by the child, perhaps in response to antibodies from the mother. The substance promotes the development of special white blood cells in the uterus, and these cells release a factor that blocks the actions of IL-2. Another substance, produced by the uterus, helps disguise antigens on the fetal surface of the placenta, shielding them from the mother's immune defenses.

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Updated 2002: This information has been made available from the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

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